Tuesday 12 May 2015

The Dying Planet: A digest of stories - 05/11/2/15

The chart below is useful when talking to others who haven’t noticed that it’s unusually hot. I have deleted the last half of the article.

The hottest years (in order) were - 2014,2010,2005, 1998,2013,2003,2002, 2006, 2007, 2008

Anyone see a pattern there?

Ten Hottest Years on Record
The top 10 hottest years on record have all occurred since 1998.

In fact, 2014 was the hottest year ever recorded



What is Causing This?


The previous decade was the hottest one recorded so far with regions such as Texas experiencing all time high heat waves.

Human-induced global warming, as researchers have established, is thecause of the extreme temperatures in the last ten years.

Not to mention, studies seeking to establish the cause of global weather extremes such as those experienced worldwide, have it that human influence due to emissions of greenhouse gases through burning of fossil fuels and deforestation is the cause of the drastic weather changes.

According to an international collaboration of scientists, the emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere had a great influence on the rise in global temperatures.

The truth is that the increase in these emissions will make it much more difficult to forestall any climate changes in the future. As a result, these devastating effects are a cause for concern on a global scale.

The Ten Hottest Years on Record

Here are the ten hottest years ever recorded as compiled by NOAA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration:

The top 10 hottest years on record
From NOAA

Storms are becoming more powerful

The Dire Consequences

The average global temperatures, according to records have been the highest ever in the last ten years since 1998.

Consequently, record low temperatures and cold days in various regions have been on a steep decline as the hot days and heat waves in other regions increase at alarming rates.

The effect of the rising temperatures is perhaps more visible in the Arctic region. This is mainly because permafrost is very sensitive to temperature changes.

Once the ice melts the result would be a complete disaster especially to buildings as well as other structures.

Such cases are spreading in some regions where repairs have to be conducted on infrastructure due to destabilization.....[ ]

The top 12 hottest years on record happened in the last 15 years




A race to drink the last drop.

File (Credit: Bill White)
File (Credit: Bill White)

A new Crystal Geyser Water Co. plant opening at the foot of Mount Shasta is adding to criticism of companies that are bottling water in California’s drought.

Crystal Geyser plans to eventually tap up to 365,000 gallons a day from groundwater in Northern California’s Siskiyou County, the San Francisco Chronicle reported Sunday.


Converted from an old Coca-Cola bottling plant, the facility will become the latest of 108 bottling operations by various companies in the state, the Chronicle reported. Operations are due to start this all.





San Joaquin Kit Fox. The endangered San Joaquin kit fox relies heavily on the giant kangaroo fat as a food source in the Carrizo Plain. Abandoned kit fox pups were recently rescued and taken to an animal shelter. Photo: BLM / M. Westphal

wastewater-well


Hundreads of trees sit dead in the San Bernardino National Forest in California, due to drought and the bark beetle.
Hundreads of trees sit dead in the San Bernardino National Forest in California, due to drought and the bark beetle.


As California’s historic drought continues into its fourth year, the state’s forests are being hit hard by years of below-average precipitation. According to a new study conducted by the U.S. Forest Service, at least 12.5 million trees in California’s national forests have died during the current drought — adding more brittle, dry vegetation to areas already threatened by potentially explosive wildfires.





Imagine visiting Yellowstone this summer. You wake up before dawn to take a picture of the sunrise over the mists emanating from Yellowstone hot springs. A thunderhead towers above the rising sun, and the picture turns out beautifully. You submit the photo to a contest sponsored by the National Weather Service. 

Under a statute signed into law by the Wyoming governor this spring, you have just committed a crime and could face up to one year in prison.


Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have already caused large-scale physiological responses of European forests. In particular, the efficiency of water-use of trees, which is coupled to the uptake of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis of leaves and needles has changed significantly. According to the study of a large, interdisciplinary team of researchers, European broadleaf and coniferous trees have increased their water-use efficiency since the beginning of the 20th century by 14% and 22%, respectively.





new study by scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography finds that the Arctic sea may go ice free in the summer faster than previous models had projected. Somehow climate deniers took this to mean something completely different.

A Senate estimates hearing has been told the Abbott government has spent $100,000 to lobby against UNESCO listing the Great Barrier Reef as in danger.
A Senate estimates hearing has been told the Abbott government has spent $100,000 to lobby against UNESCO listing the Great Barrier Reef as in danger. Photo: Ed Roberts

The Abbott government has spent $100,000 on travel costs to send environment department officials to lobby other countries not to list the Great Barrier Reef as in danger.

The figure was revealed in a Senate estimates hearing on Monday after questions from the Greens.

The government has mounted a massive international effort to avoid UNESCO's world heritage committee listing the reef as officially in danger next month.

That has included establishing a dedicated taskforce within the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and travelling to each of the 21 countries on the committee.




Scientists have dived under the Antarctic ice to complete the world's first seafloor ocean acidification experiment in Antarctica – and findings show life in the deep appears to have changed in response to the acidic water.

The team from the Australian Antarctic Division Project were looking to study the impact of ocean acidification on marine and seafloor communities


 "The team does not expect to release their findings for several months, but they say the study will be crucial in examining the scale of the changes seen in the Southern Ocean: "It's critical that we are able to get a clearer picture of how ocean acidification will impact the marine ecosystems into the future," Stark said."



Climate change costs the Australian economy $6.2 billion annually as heat waves reduce productivity and increase absenteeism from work, according to a study released Tuesday.

The study, led by Kerstin Zander of Charles Darwin University and based on surveys conducted across the country between March and October 2014, put the annual loss per person at about $655.


Belize's waters are pretty much perfect the way they are.
Belize’s waters are pretty much perfect the way they are.
A World Heritage Site could turn into an oil drilling site, if plans to allow oil exploration off the coast of Belize go through.


A proposal from the Belize Ministry of Energy provides guidelines for oil exploration — and drilling, if oil is found — across most of the country’s land and water, including along the Belize Barrier Reef, one of the world’s most ecologically diverse environments. Oceana Belize, an environmental advocacy group, has launchd


Eric Prince, a research fisheries biologist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Southeast Fisheries Science Center. Photo: Lynne Rossetto Kasper / The Splendid Table
"Ninety-five percent of all the marine organisms in the ocean depend on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen," he said. "They tend to be squeezed by this hypoxia [diminished oxygen] into a very narrow layer at the surface of the ocean. In the process of being compressed near the surface, they become a lot more vulnerable to overexploitation by surface-eaters. This involves some of our most important food fish, yellowfin tuna for example."



The past 30 days have been substantially drier than usual nearly everywhere, though there have been a few localized, notable exceptions. Convective activity (especially over the Sierra Nevada and other mountain regions) brought thunderstorms, hail, and heavy downpours in some spots. Localized heavy snowfall occurred late last week at the highest elevations, including substantial (and photogenic) accumulations along the Eastern Sierra near Mono Lake this past week. In fact, this mid-May snow burst may constitute the biggest snow event of the entire winter in some parts of the Eastern Sierra (which is more a testament to the abject lack of snow this year than the particular strength of the recent event)! Still, on a statewide and regional basis, Sierra Nevada snow water equivalent remains at an all-time record low for the date–as it has been now for the past two consecutive months.


Only 15 years ago, Hamoun was the seventh largest wetland in the world, straddling 4,000 square kilometres (1,600 square miles) between Iran and Afghanistan, with water rolling in from the latter's Helmand river. Photo: AFP

Signs of the drought in Iran — which, according to experts, has lasted for more than two decades — are not very visible in the capital. There are many parks and trees because of the active city government.

But make no mistake: The city is dry. Its underground water supplies are depleted, and officials have long warned that, one day, the trees will dry up and water might need to be rationed.

Outside Tehran the situation is much worse, and some experts predict that the south will become uninhabitable if the drought persists.



Genetically modified Dengue mosquitoes, nicknamed 'the Friendly Aedes aegypti', were released in Piracicaba, Brazil, in May 2015. Photo: UOL

Cases of dengue have soared in Brazil where the disease has caused 229 fatalities this year, the health ministry has said, as authorities try to combat its spread using transgenic mosquitos.

The health ministry said it had logged 745,900 cases nationwide in the first 15 weeks of the year — an annual increase of 234 per cent.

That equates to 367.8 people infected per 100,000 residents, which falls into the category of an epidemic under parameters used by the World Health Organization.

The number of dengue deaths has climbed 44 per cent from the same period last year, and most of the diagnosed cases have occurred in business hub São Paulo.


Mediterranean Sea Tuna. Photo: PBS / Elena Grecucci

For the first time, plastic particles have been found in the stomachs of tuna and other fish that are a staple of the human diet.

More than 18 percent of sampled bluefin, albacore, and swordfish caught in the Mediterranean Sea and tested in 2012 and 2013 carried levels of plastic pollution in their bodies, according to a study published in the journal Marine Pollution Bulletin.



Last week, a 20-million-dollar industry hit the brakes when the Pacific Fishery Management Council voted to close the West Coast sardine fishery, effective immediately.....

The fate of the marine ecosystem – not just an industrial fleet of fishing vessels – hangs in the balance. Dwindling sardine numbers have been blamed for pelican nesting failures and a surge in sea lion pup strandings (both species rely on sardines as a food source). They’re not alone: sardines are a popular menu item for many coastal species. By choosing to seat ourselves at this dining table, we humans are now in competition with the rest of the oceanic food web



Drive hunting – when groups of hunters on canoes fan out far off-shore and clap stones together as they round up dolphins – has been taking place off the Solomon Islands for many years

Now, researchers who examined detailed hunting records and interviewed locals say more than 15,000 dolphins were killed in just one village's hunts between 1976 and 2013. They published their findings this week in the journal Royal Society Open Science.


Dust Storm Carribean
Dust particles from sand storms in the Sahara desert have blanketed sections of the Caribbean, affecting air quality in the region. Each year, Saharan dust storms pass through the region, usually in the spring and summer months. Meteorologist with the National Weather Service here, David Sanchez says the dust cloud is a significant event when it comes to the quality of dust in the air. “It’s basically high pressure across the Atlantic and all levels of the atmosphere that brings the dust in.”


Beach mystery: Another dead whale washes up in Pacifica — For the second time in three weeks, a dead whale has washed up on [the same beach]… “Something’s going on with nature,” said Ralph Clement… “This is kind of eerie. What are the odds of two whales in the same place? It has to mean something.”… “This is just not supposed to happen,” [Courtney] Patterson said. “It’s very unnerving. Is this caused by a lack of food?”… Jane Nahass said she has been walking on Pacifica beaches for 26 years and never saw two dead whales so close together. “Something’s going on,” she said.


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